Overview
For Cambridge Cambridge command words, “Discuss” questions require you to do more than just present information; they ask for a structured debate on paper. You need to explore an issue from multiple perspectives, systematically examining arguments for and against a particular topic or statement. The goal is to demonstrate balanced thinking before arriving at a well-supported, personal conclusion.
Deconstruct the Question First
For Cambridge Cambridge command words, before you even think about writing, take a moment to break down the question itself. Identify the command word (“discuss”) and the precise topic you are being asked to discuss. Underline the key terms and concepts to ensure your entire response remains focused and relevant, avoiding the common pitfall of drifting into general description.
Map Out Arguments For and Against
For Cambridge Cambridge command words, a top-tier “discuss” answer is built on a foundation of balanced argument. Dedicate a minute of your planning time to create a simple T-chart or spider diagram, listing points 'for' and 'against' the central proposition. This vital step ensures you have material for a two-sided debate and prevents you from producing a one-sided or purely narrative answer.
Build a Clear and Logical Structure
For Cambridge Cambridge command words, organise your brainstormed points into a coherent essay structure. A proven method is to start with an introduction that sets out the debate, then dedicate separate paragraphs to each key argument, alternating between different viewpoints. Use signposting phrases like 'On the one hand...', 'Conversely...', and 'A further point to consider is...' to guide the examiner through your reasoning and highlight the balanced nature of your discussion.
Develop Each Point with Specific Evidence
For Cambridge Cambridge command words, it's not enough to simply state your points; you must develop them with substance. For every argument you make, back it up with specific supporting details, such as facts, statistics, examples, or quotations from your subject knowledge. The number of marks available is a direct clue to the number of developed points the examiner expects to see. To check if your development is sufficient, practice writing and then try to [mark your answer](/mark) as an examiner would; does each point have clear supporting detail?
Conclude with a Reasoned Judgement
For Cambridge Cambridge command words, your final paragraph must do more than just summarise what you have already said. After impartially weighing the evidence from both sides, you need to synthesise your arguments and deliver a conclusive judgement. This conclusion should directly address the original question, stating which argument or perspective you find more compelling and briefly explaining why, based on the evidence you have presented throughout your essay.
Frequently asked questions
This section covers Frequently asked questions — ranked by what Cambridge examiners return to most often in past papers.
How is 'discuss' different from 'evaluate' or 'explain'?
'Explain' asks for the 'how' or 'why' behind a topic. 'Evaluate' requires a judgement on the worth or success of something by weighing its strengths and weaknesses. 'Discuss' is about exploring multiple sides of a debate to show a comprehensive understanding before concluding. For a full breakdown, see our guide to all Cambridge command words.
Do I have to give equal space to both sides?
Not necessarily an equal word count, but you must give fair consideration to the main arguments on both sides. A strong answer often acknowledges the validity of opposing views before arguing why one perspective is ultimately more persuasive. The key is demonstrating balanced consideration, not mathematical equality in length.
Can I use "I think" in my conclusion?
While you are presenting your personal judgement, it is stylistically better to use more formal, impersonal language in an exam. Instead of "I think," opt for phrases like, "Therefore, the evidence strongly suggests..." or "It can be concluded that..." This maintains an academic tone while still making your reasoned position clear.
What if I run out of time and can't write a conclusion?
A conclusion is critical for a "discuss" question as it's where you deliver your final judgement. If you are short on time, write a brief, two-sentence conclusion that directly answers the question and states your overall judgement. This is far better than leaving it out entirely, as it completes the argument structure.