9990 · 1.4.2
Explanations of fear-related disorders
9990 Clinical — classical conditioning, evolutionary, and cognitive explanations of phobias and anxiety.
Need to know
What you need to know
- Mowrer's (1960) two-process model explains both acquisition and maintenance of phobias.
- Acquisition occurs via classical conditioning (learning through association).
- Maintenance occurs via operant conditioning (negative reinforcement).
- Avoiding the phobic stimulus reduces anxiety, which reinforces the avoidance behaviour.
Explanation
Explanations of fear-related disorders
- Mowrer's (1960) two-process model explains both acquisition and maintenance of phobias.
- Acquisition occurs via classical conditioning (learning through association).
- Maintenance occurs via operant conditioning (negative reinforcement).
- Avoiding the phobic stimulus reduces anxiety, which reinforces the avoidance behaviour.