9990 · 4.2.2
Leadership style flashcards
Revision flashcards for Cambridge 9990 Leadership style (syllabus 4.2.2). Flip, recall, then mark a real past-paper question.
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Lewin's three leadership styles?
Autocratic (leader decides), democratic (group input), laissez-faire (minimal guidance) — Lewin's child-group studies showed democratic highest satisfaction.
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Transactional leadership?
Exchange relationship — rewards for meeting targets, corrective management when standards slip (contingent reward, management by exception).
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Transformational leadership (Bass)?
Idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualised consideration — raises followers beyond self-interest.
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Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership?
Match style (tell/sell/participate/delegate) to follower readiness (ability + willingness).
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When is autocratic style appropriate?
Crisis, inexperienced team, time-critical decisions — but risks resentment if overused.
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Laissez-faire risk?
Low productivity and role ambiguity when followers lack expertise or motivation.
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What is an autocratic leadership style?
A style where the leader makes all decisions unilaterally, with centralised authority and top-down communication. Subordinates are expected to obey orders without question.
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What is a democratic leadership style?
A style where the leader involves employees in the decision-making process, encouraging participation and two-way communication, though the leader may retain the final say.
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What is a laissez-faire leadership style?
A hands-off style where the leader delegates significant authority to subordinates, giving them freedom to make decisions. It is most effective with highly skilled, self-motivated teams.
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What is transformational leadership?
A style where leaders inspire and motivate followers to exceed their own self-interests for a greater collective purpose, often through a compelling vision and individualised support.
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Name the 'Four Is' of transformational leadership (Bass, 1985).
1. Idealised Influence (role model) 2. Inspirational Motivation (inspiring vision) 3. Intellectual Stimulation (encouraging creativity) 4. Individualised Consideration (mentoring/coaching).