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9990 · 4.2.2

Leadership style flashcards

Revision flashcards for Cambridge 9990 Leadership style (syllabus 4.2.2). Flip, recall, then mark a real past-paper question.

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    Lewin's three leadership styles?

    Autocratic (leader decides), democratic (group input), laissez-faire (minimal guidance) — Lewin's child-group studies showed democratic highest satisfaction.

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    Transactional leadership?

    Exchange relationship — rewards for meeting targets, corrective management when standards slip (contingent reward, management by exception).

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    Transformational leadership (Bass)?

    Idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualised consideration — raises followers beyond self-interest.

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    Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership?

    Match style (tell/sell/participate/delegate) to follower readiness (ability + willingness).

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    When is autocratic style appropriate?

    Crisis, inexperienced team, time-critical decisions — but risks resentment if overused.

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    Laissez-faire risk?

    Low productivity and role ambiguity when followers lack expertise or motivation.

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    What is an autocratic leadership style?

    A style where the leader makes all decisions unilaterally, with centralised authority and top-down communication. Subordinates are expected to obey orders without question.

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    What is a democratic leadership style?

    A style where the leader involves employees in the decision-making process, encouraging participation and two-way communication, though the leader may retain the final say.

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    What is a laissez-faire leadership style?

    A hands-off style where the leader delegates significant authority to subordinates, giving them freedom to make decisions. It is most effective with highly skilled, self-motivated teams.

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    What is transformational leadership?

    A style where leaders inspire and motivate followers to exceed their own self-interests for a greater collective purpose, often through a compelling vision and individualised support.

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    Name the 'Four Is' of transformational leadership (Bass, 1985).

    1. Idealised Influence (role model) 2. Inspirational Motivation (inspiring vision) 3. Intellectual Stimulation (encouraging creativity) 4. Individualised Consideration (mentoring/coaching).