9699 · 3.2
Diversity and social change flashcards
Revision flashcards for Cambridge 9699 Diversity and social change (syllabus 3.2). Flip, recall, then mark a real past-paper question.
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Rapoport — five types of diversity?
Organisational, cultural, class, life-stage, generational.
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Chester — neo-conventional family?
Dual-earner, child-centred — still dominant despite diversity.
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Reconstituted/stepfamily?
Partners with children from previous relationships — complex relationships.
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Lone-parent family causes?
Divorce, death, choice, unplanned pregnancy — avoid stereotyping.
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Same-sex families?
Legal recognition; research shows children outcomes similar when supported.
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Family decline debate?
New Right sees moral decline; postmodernists see positive choice/diversity.
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The Rapoports' Five Types of Diversity
1. Organisational (roles/structure), 2. Cultural (ethnic/religious differences), 3. Social Class (income/child-rearing), 4. Life Stage (position in the life cycle), and 5. Cohort (historical period).
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'Individualisation Thesis'
A concept by Ulrich Beck, arguing that in late modernity, individuals are increasingly freed from traditional social structures and norms, forcing them to construct their own lives and identities, including their family arrangements.
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'Pure Relationship'
Anthony Giddens' term for a relationship based on emotional and sexual intimacy, which is entered into for its own sake and lasts only as long as both partners derive satisfaction from it, not due to external pressures.
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'Neo-conventional Family'
Robert Chester's term for a modified version of the nuclear family where both spouses work (dual-earner). He argued this is now the dominant type, suggesting that fundamental change is exaggerated and most people still aspire to a nuclear family structure.
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'Life Course Analysis'
A research approach, associated with Tamara Hareven, that examines family structures by looking at the experiences of individuals as they pass through different stages of their lives, rather than taking a static snapshot of the family at one point in time.