2281 · 5.3
Population flashcards
Revision flashcards for Cambridge 2281 Population (syllabus 5.3). Flip, recall, then mark a real past-paper question.
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What is the birth rate?
The number of live births per 1 000 people in a year.
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What is the death rate?
The number of deaths per 1 000 people in a year.
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What is natural increase?
The birth rate minus the death rate — population growth before migration is counted.
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What is net migration?
The number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants in a year.
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What is the fertility rate?
The average number of children born per woman; about 2.1 keeps a population stable.
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What is the dependency ratio?
The number of people under 15 and over 64 divided by the number of working age (15–64).
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What is an ageing population?
A population in which the average age is rising because birth rates are low and people live longer.
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What is the optimum population?
The population size at which output per head is highest given a country's resources and technology.
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What is a population pyramid?
A diagram showing the number of people in each age group, split by gender.
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What is the demographic transition?
The pattern in which death rates fall first and birth rates fall later as a country develops, so population growth speeds up and then slows.