9609 · 7.2.3
Channels of communication
9609 A Level — downward, upward, horizontal channels and the informal grapevine.
Need to know
What you need to know
- Channels are the routes for information flow in a business.
- They can be formal (official) or informal (unofficial).
- Formal channels include downward, upward, and horizontal communication.
- Effective channels are crucial for coordination, motivation, and decision-making.
Explanation
Channels of communication
- Channels are the routes for information flow in a business.
- They can be formal (official) or informal (unofficial).
- Formal channels include downward, upward, and horizontal communication.
- Effective channels are crucial for coordination, motivation, and decision-making.